Writer(s):

Sylvia Robinson/
Henry Jackson/
Michael Wright/
Guy O’Brien

Quotable:

There were “more massive hip-hop hits…but this is where rap’s dominance of the airwaves and pop charts started.” ^TB

First charted:

October 13, 1979

Charts:

HT 36
HP --
CB 36
UK 3
AC --
CW --
RB 4
AR --
MR --
AA --

Sales (in millions):

sales in U.S. only --
sales in U.K. only - estimated --
sales worldwide - estimated 8.0

Airplay (in millions):

Awards:

Rapper’s Delight

Sugarhill Gang

Review:

The development of the hip-hop culture dates back to the early ‘70s in the Bronx when DJs and MCs showcased the art form in night clubs and at house parties. ^NPR However, the movement didn’t hit the mainstream until 1979 when a New Jersey label called Sugar Hill Records introduced the Sugar Hill Gang and the group took “Rapper’s Delight” into the top 40, a first for rap music. ^FR

The trio of Master Gee, Wonder Mike and Big Bank Hank were unknown MCs recruited by Sugar Hill’s Sylvia Robinson. ^RS500 Sylvia had seen chart success – most notably with the 1957 song “Love Is Strange” (#11) and her own “Pillow Talk” (#3) in 1973. However, in 1979, the label she’d co-founded was on the verge of bankruptcy. When she saw a DJ talking to the crowd one night at a Harlem club, she thought it would be a great idea to make a rap record. Legend has it that Sylvia’s son Joey auditioned Henry Jackson (Big Bank Hank) outside a pizza joint and his friends asked if they could participate as well. ^TB It has also been said that they were recruited on a Friday and recorded “Rapper’s Delight” in just one take on the following Monday. ^NPR

The 12-inch version of “Rapper’s Delight” released in September 1979 ran 15 minutes long. A shorter version went to pop radio. ^NPR The song borrowed the rhythm track from Chic’s #1 hit “Good Times,” ^HT itself a significant song in another important musical revolution of the ‘70s – disco. The practice of “borrowing” from another song became known as sampling and would become the basic approach for all raps songs to follow.

The song did not, however, deal with some of the heavier themes which would come to dominate rap music. While it sported some of the lyrical boastfulness which became typical in rap songs to come, ^MA the song generated controversy because it was playful instead of being reflective of the urban anger of other rap from the time. In addition, none of the three members had ever been a DJ or MC and two of them were from New Jersey. ^NPR

Review Source(s):

^FR Paul Friedlander (1996). Rock and Roll: A Social History. Boulder, Colorado; Westview Press, Inc. Page 274.
^MA Dave Marsh. (1989). The Heart of Rock and Soul: The 1001 Greatest Singles Ever Made. New York, NY; New American Library. Page 407.
^NPR National Public Radio (1999). “The Most Important American Musical Works of the 20th Century”.
^RS500 Rolling Stone (12/04). “The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time”.
^TB Thunder Bay Press (2006). Singles: Six Decades of Hot Hits & Classic Cuts. Outline Press Ltd.: San Diego, CA. Page 186.
^HT Joel Whitburn (2009). Top Pop Singles 1955-2008 (12th edition). Menomonee Falls, WI; Record Research, Inc. Page 594.